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Faculty: Richard Clarke; Rand Beers
Description Examines each of the three topics described by the 911 Commission: offense, defense, and ideology. The review of “offense” will examine law enforcement and intelligence problems and issues. Defense issues will examine problems in homeland security. The topic of ideology will focus on what the Commission called the “Battle of Ideas.” Also examined: the origins and status of the jihadist terrorism movement; and alternative near term futures in the “war on terrorism” and how policy makers affect those situations, including instability in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Iraq, and Iran. Emphasizes the practical problems facing policy makers and others involved in counter-terrorism. Requirements will include drafting briefing memos and decision memos for senior US Government officials; and participation in teams simulating senior US government policy committees. Readings include The 911 Commission Report; Osama, by Jonathan Randal; The Age of Sacred Terror, by Steven Simon and Daniel Benjamin; Against All Enemies by Richard Clarke; and America the Vulnerable, by Stephen Flynn. Class guests will include the authors of these books as well as other practitioners of counter-terrorism, intelligence, law enforcement, diplomacy, journalism, military operations, and security. Active participation in class is required.
Syllabus Last Updated:02/01/2005 11:34:07 AM Terrorism, Intelligence and Homeland Security ISP-213 Syllabus Spring 2005 Wednesdays, 4:10-6:00, in Wiener Auditorium
DESCRIPTION This course examines each of the three topics described by the 9/11 Commission: offense, defense, and ideology. The review of “offense” will examine law enforcement and intelligence problems and issues. Defense issues will examine problems in homeland security. The topic of ideology will focus on what the Commission called the “Battle of Ideas.” The course begins with a series of classes on the origins and status of the jihadist terrorism movement and alternative near term futures in the “war on terrorism”. The course emphasizes the practical problems facing policy makers and others involved in counter-terrorism. The professors will also offer instruction on the writing of these products for consumption at the highest levels of the national security community. Readings include The 9/11 Commission Report; Osama, by Jonathan Randal; Against All Enemies by Richard Clarke; and America the Vulnerable, by Stephen Flynn. Class guests may include the authors of these books as well as other practitioners of counter-terrorism, intelligence, law enforcement, diplomacy, journalism, military operations, and security. Active participation in class is required. The course will culminate with a final team exercise simulating senior US government policy committees engaged in crisis management.OBJECTIVE ISP 213 is designed to prepare future leaders in national security policy development and implementation related to the continued threat from international terrorism. Participants learn to analyze issues and communicate the analytic drivers of policy options for the President or other principals. The course will provide students with a firm grasp of the linkages between national security goals and capabilities, and the methods and deliberations used to achieve those goals. This course will discuss the analytical approaches used to assess the choices that need to be made to prevent, deter, detect, respond and recover from terrorist attacks. Particular emphasis is placed on developing students’ skills in producing written material.Students will: · Gain a background in the ideology, goals and tactics of the jihadist movement; · Learn how national interests and security policy translate into action; · Examine the role that both leadership and management play in creating responses to threats; · Consider the political nature of such processes in the national security community, and; · Assess the challenges of managing sensitive intelligence operations and delicate issues of domestic civil liberties. INSTRUCTORS Rand Beers is a retired civil servant of 35 years who completed his final government position as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Combating Terrorism on the NSC Staff (2002-2003). He began as a Marine officer and rifle company commander in Vietnam (1964-1968). He entered the Foreign Service in 1971 and transferred to the Civil Service in 1983. During most of his career he served in the State Department’s Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, including as Office Director and Deputy Assistant Secretary for regional affairs focusing on the Middle East and Persian Gulf. He was Assistant Secretary of State for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (1998-2002). He also served in four positions on the NSC Staff at the White House during four Administrations. His functions included Director for Counter-terrorism and Counter-narcotics, Director for Peacekeeping, and Senior Director for Intelligence Programs (1999-1998). He resigned in March 2003. He began work on John Kerry’s Presidential campaign in May 2003 and served as Kerry’s National Security Advisor.Richard Clarke served the last three Presidents as a senior White House Advisor. Over the course of an unprecedented 11 consecutive years of White House service, he held the titles of Special Assistant to the President for Global Affairs; National Coordinator for Security and Counter-terrorism; and Special Advisor to the President for Cyber Security. Prior to his White House years, Clarke served for 19 years in the Pentagon, the Intelligence Community, and State Department. During the Reagan Administration, he was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence. During the Bush (41) Administration, he was Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs and coordinated diplomatic efforts to support the 1990-1991 Gulf War and the subsequent security arrangements. The current Chairman of Good Harbor Consulting, LLC, Clarke advises clients on a range of issues including: corporate security risk management, information security technology dealing with the Federal Government on security and IT issues and counterterrorism. OFFICE HOURS This is a graduate-level professional course and will have the appropriate standards and assignments: attendance at scheduled classes, constructive contributions to class discussions, assignments completed on time, and evaluation according to students’ preparation of professional products and effective class briefings. Students should attend each class prepared to debate the issues covered in the readings.Wed. 11:30 to 2:30 (by Appointment with Course Assistants) REQUIREMENTS
OPTIONAL PARTICIPATION A. Movie: The Man Who Knew (Tuesday, March 8)B. Movie: The Battle of Algiers (Tuesday, March 15) C. Additional Class: Cyber-security (Tuesday, April 12) COURSE MATERIALS Students are required to purchase packets from the CMO (Course Materials Office) and books from the COOP or online and complete each session’s reading before class. These readings are a combination of primary sources (legislation, policies, etc.), conceptual papers, and analytical pieces. Copies of the Course Materials Packets are on reserve at the Kennedy School Library.We have endeavored to include web-based readings wherever possible to cut down on the costs of these packets. When appropriate, readings are hyperlinked to facilitate access to them on the web. Please refer to the course website for additional assigned and recommended readings. The following textbooks are available for purchase from the COOP or online. Copies will be on reserve in the library as well. Please note that there are REQUIRED and RECOMMENDED books. Required Books available at the COOP or online a. The 9-11 Commission Report, Keane, Hamilton et al, Norton, 2004 b. Osama: The Making of a Terrorist, Jonathan Randal, Knopf, 2004 c. Against All Enemies, Richard Clarke, Free Press, 2004 d. Holy War, Inc., Peter Bergen, Free Press, 2002 e. The Persian Puzzle, Kenneth Pollack, Random House, 2004 f. Intelligence: From Secrets to Policy, Mark Lowenthal, CA Press, 2002 g. America the Vulnerable, Stephen Flynn, HarperCollins, 2004 h. Nuclear Terrorism, Graham Allison, Times Books, 2004 i. War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West, Gilles Kepel, Belknap Press, 2004 Recommended Books available at the COOP or online a. Age of Sacred Terror, Benjamin & Simon, Random House, 2002 b. Terror Timeline, Paul Thompson, Regan Books, 2004 c. Inside al Qaeda, Rohan Gunaratna, Berkeley, 2002 d. Wahhabism: A Critical Essay, Hamid Algar, Islamic Publications International, 2002 CLASS OVERVIEW
Class Topics and Initial Reading Assignments 1. February 2 Introduction to Class and Writing Assignments Reading: Keane, Hamilton et al., The 9-11 Commission Report, Norton, 2004. * Online: Assignment Examples (Online Materials) PDD–63 (http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/white_pr.htm) NSPD–23 (http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/nspd/nspd-23.htm) HSPD–7 (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/12/20031217-5.html) HSPD–8 (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/12/20031217-6.html) HSPD–12 (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2004/08/20040827-8.html) 2. February 9 Origins of Jihadism Reading: Jonathan Randal, Osama: The Making of a Terrorist, Knopf, 2004. * Packet: Richard P. Mitchell, The Society of the Muslim Brothers, “The Solution”, pp. 232-259. Hamid Algar, Wahhabism: A Critical Essay, pp. 31-37, 67-76, 85-86. Fouda and Fielding, Masterminds of Terror, “Khalid Shaikh Mohammed - Family Business”, pp. 88-104. Paul Thompson, Terror Timeline: Year by Year, Day by Day, Minute by Minute, “Warning Signs”, pp. 3-26. Bruce Hoffman, Inside Terrorism, “Defining Terrorism”, pp. 13-44. Alan Cullison, “Inside Al Qaeda’s Hard Drive,” The Atlantic Monthly, September 2004. Online: Lawrence Wright, “The Man Behind Bin Laden,” The New Yorker, September 16, 2002: http://www.newyorker.com/printable/?fact/020916fa_fact2 World Islamic Front Statement, 23 February, 1998: http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/docs/980223-fatwa.htm Additional Reading: Rohan Gunaratna, Inside al Qaeda, Berkeley, 2002. * Richard Clarke, Against All Enemies, Free Press, 2004. * Montasser al Zayyat, The Road to al Qaeda, Pluto Press, 2002. ** Benjamin and Simon, Age of Sacred Terror, Random House, 2002. * Bin laden Statements and Interviews: http://www.lib.ecu.edu/govdoc/terrorism.html#binladen 3. February 16 Status and Future of Jihadism: The New al Qaeda Reading: Peter Bergen, Holy War, Inc., Free Press, 2002. * Clarke et. al., Defeating the Jihadists, Century Foundation, 2004. *** Packet: Don Van Natta, “Sizing up the New Toned-Down Bin Laden,” The New York Times, December 19, 2004. Maria Ressa, Seeds of Terror: An Eyewitness Account of Al Qaeda’s Newest Center of Operations in Southeast Asia, “The Asian Osama bin Laden”, Free Press, 2003 p. 45-63. “After Van Gogh; Islamic terrorism in Europe,” the Economist, November 13, 2004. Evan F. Kohlman, Al-Qaida’s Jihad in Europe: The Afghan-Bosnia Network, “Blowback – The North African Sleeper Cell Network”, Berg, 2004, p. 185-216. Online: Peter Bergen, “The Long Hunt for Osama,” The Atlantic Monthly, October 2004: http://www.peterbergen.com (under articles by date) Jason Burke, “Think Again: Al Qaeda,” Foreign Policy, May/June 2004: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=2536&page=0 Can Saudi Arabia Reform Itself? ICG Middle East Report No. 28, 14 July 2004: http://www.icg.org//library/documents/middle_east___north_africa/iraq_iran_gulf/28_can_saudi_arabia_reform_itself_web.pdf Michael Doran, “The Saudi Paradox,” Foreign Affairs, January/February 2004: http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20040101faessay83105/michael-scott-doran/the-saudi-paradox.html “Al Qaeda: Statements and Evolving Ideology,” Christopher Blanchard, CRS, Nov. 16, 2004: http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/RS21973.pdf Additional reading: James Fallows, “Success Without Victory,” The Atlantic Monthly, Jan/Feb 2005. Jane Corbin, Al Qaeda: In Search of the Terror Network, Nations Books, 2003. ** Jessica Stern, Terror in the Name of God, HarperCollins, 2003. ** Maria Ressa, Seeds of Terror: An Eyewitness Account of Al-Qaeda’s Newest Center of Operations in Southeast Asia, Free Press, December 2002.** Dirk J. Barreveld, Terrorism in the Philippines: The Bloody Trail of Abu Sayyaf, Bin Laden's East Asian Connection, Writer’s Club Press, 2001. Dore Gold, Hatred’s Kingdom: How Saudi Arabia Supports the New Global Terrorism, Regnery Publishing, 2003. Joshua Teitelbaum, Holier Than Thou: Saudi Arabia's Islamic Opposition, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2000. 4. February 23 Jihadism: Iraq and Iran Reading: Kenneth Pollack, The Persian Puzzle, Random House, 2004. * Packet: James Fallows, “Will Iran be Next?” The Atlantic Monthly, December 2004. Edward T. Pound and Jennifer Black, “The Iran Connection,” U.S. News & World Report, November 22, 2004. David Ignatius, “How Iran is Winning Iraq,” The Washington Post, December 17, 2004. Kenneth Pollack, “Spies, Lies and Weapons: What Went Wrong,” The Atlantic Monthly, January/February 2004. Online: Larry Diamond, “What Went Wrong in Iraq,” Foreign Affairs, September/October 2004: http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20040901faessay83505/larry-diamond/what-went-wrong-in-iraq.html Additional reading: Additional Reading: 8. March 23 Terrorist Financing and International Crime
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